ACG 2025 UC guideline advises diagnosis via ileocolonoscopy with biopsy, exclusion of infection, and extent-based classification. Severity is guided by PROs, biomarkers, and endoscopy. Treatment targets steroid-free remission with stepwise care.

ACG 2025 CD guideline recommends FC for diagnosis, discourages mesalamine, and supports early biologic/small molecule use per risk. Focuses on mucosal healing, active monitoring, and timely surgical referral—supporting evidence-based patient care.

A new study showed that children (β=0.08) and adolescents (β=0.13) faced higher cardiometabolic risk with each additional hour spent on screens. The association was stronger among those with shorter sleep durations. In adolescents, screen time also predicted greater long-term cardiovascular disease risk. Assessing both screen time and sleep habits may help flag early-life cardiometabolic & CVD risk effectively.

An Indian survey revealed that 19.8% of adults aged 45 years and older are living with diabetes, with urban areas reporting double the prevalence of rural areas (30% vs 15%). Only 60% of individuals with diabetes were aware of their diagnosis, and 45.7% of those diagnosed, achieved glycemic control (HbA1c <7.0%). Blood pressure control was seen in 58.9%, and just 6.4% reported the use of lipid-lowering medications.

Individuals with persistently low or decreasing body size into adulthood face a higher risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The risk was 30-49% greater in those with low adult size and surged by 66% in those who dropped from high childhood to low adult size. Contrarily, an upward weight trajectory lowered POAG risk up to 42%. The findings highlight low adult body size as a consistent POAG risk factor.