Emerging therapies show promise in tackling residual cardiovascular risk across high-risk groups. Tirzepatide improved CV and renal outcomes in HFpEF with obesity and CKD. Colchicine slowed plaque progression in stable CAD. Dapagliflozin reduced LV mass in CKD, supporting structural cardiac benefits. Solbinsiran cut lipids and hepatic fat in dyslipidemia. Each offers unique benefits beyond standard care.

In the MACRO trial, coaching post-CVD hospitalization didn’t significantly boost short-term function but showed lasting benefit with high engagement. Personalised, preventive strategies may be key to long-term cardiac health. Global data showed lifetime CVD risk remains substantial even without risk factors, but optimal control—especially of hypertension—adds over a decade of life.

Obesity was tied to a higher risk of remission failure in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients starting methotrexate treatment. A study found 64% of obese patients failed to reach DAS28 remission at 6 months, compared to 52% of overweight & 48% of normal-weight patients. This risk (RR 1.27) persisted even after adjusting for comorbidities and lifestyle factors, highlighting obesity’s impact on RA remission.

Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) had notably lower vitamin D levels (WMD −2.84), especially in the recurrent cases (WMD −5.01). A meta-analysis of 60 studies found that supplementation halved the recurrence rate (RR 0.45). Higher vitamin D levels were linked to reduced BPPV incidence (RR 1.36), underscoring vitamin D deficiency as a modifiable risk factor for BPPV onset and recurrence.

Severe cold hypersensitivity in the legs significantly raised the odds of varicose veins (OR 1.89), while heavy legs posed an even greater risk (OR 4.24), a study found. The coexistence of both symptoms escalated the likelihood of varicose veins by seven-fold (OR 7.13). These findings highlight cold sensitivity and heaviness in legs as underrecognized signs that could aid early detection of varicose veins.

Depression affected more than half of ischemic stroke patients, with 61.1% having mild & 38.9% moderate depression. Research identified diabetes mellitus (OR 4.12), hypertension (OR 1.96), left-sided stroke (OR 1.69), and low education levels (OR 1.46) as major risk factors. NIH Stroke Scale scores (AUC 0.797) and activities of daily living (ADL) scores (AUC 0.741) emerged as the strongest predictors of depression.